The presence in economic practice of mechanisms of narrowed, simple and expanded reproduction of the labor resources of rural territories does not define them as different in stages. And the mechanism itself is the same. The difference lies only in the quality of the functioning of the elements of the mechanism, because they, for the most part, are independent complex multi-level systems. The aim of the study is to develop a conceptual scheme for the reproduction of labor resources in rural areas. The article systematizes the main stages of the transformation of the functioning conditions of the mechanism of reproduction of labor resources from the perspective of the historical and genetic approach, while the stages are described from the perspective of population genetics, population mentality, and the historical stage.