This article analyzes the state and development trends of one of the promising branches of the agro–industrial complex of the Russian Federation - viticulture and winemaking. The main factors of the functioning of the domestic wine industry both in the country as a whole and in the regional aspect have been studied, which made it possible to identify the leading region in the production of grapes and wine products, which is the Southern District. In this connection, a study of the specific features of the development of viticulture and winemaking on the Crimean peninsula was conducted in more detail. The analysis made it possible to conclude that the wine industry in general in the Russian Federation and in the Crimea in particular has a positive trend towards development. Every year, the area of planting grapes increases, the volume of harvesting increases and, as a result, the volume of production of wine and wine products increases. Every year new ways of selling wine products are opened. With the increase in the volume of production from own raw materials, the size of imports of grapes and other necessary raw materials from other countries decreases. In addition to the positive trend in the industry, factors were identified that negatively affect the industry, which contributed to the slow growth of viticulture. The regions that occupy leading positions in harvesting, production and sale of the finished product have been identified. The analysis of these factors made it possible to formulate the main directions of development of domestic viticulture and winemaking.