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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2587-6740</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">133055</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55186/25876740_2026_69_4_448</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Партнерский материал</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Affiliate publication</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Партнерский материал</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Efficacy of fungicides against pathogens of woody fruit crops in vitro</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Эффективность фунгицидов против возбудителей болезней древесины плодовых культур in vitro</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7062-4386</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Каракотов</surname>
       <given-names>Салис Добаевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Karakotov</surname>
       <given-names>Salis Dobaevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>smi@betaren.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор химических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of chemical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Скачкова</surname>
       <given-names>Александра Дмитриевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Skachkova</surname>
       <given-names>Alexandra Dmitrievna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>a.skachkova@list.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Божко</surname>
       <given-names>Кира Николаевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Bozhko</surname>
       <given-names>Kira Nikolaevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>bozhko@betaren.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-4621</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Аршава</surname>
       <given-names>Наталья Викторовна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Arshava</surname>
       <given-names>Natalia Viktorovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>arshava@betaren.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Щелково Агрохим</institution>
     <city>Щелково</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Shchelkovo Agrokhim</institution>
     <city>Shchelkovo</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Щелково Агрохим</institution>
     <city>Щелково</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Shchelkovo Agrokhim</institution>
     <city>Shchelkovo</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Щелково Агрохим</institution>
     <city>Щелково</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Shchelkovo Agrokhim</institution>
     <city>Shchelkovo</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Щелково Агрохим</institution>
     <city>Щелково</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Shchelkovo Agrokhim</institution>
     <city>Shchelkovo</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-08-15T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>15</day>
    <month>08</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-08-15T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>15</day>
    <month>08</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>448</fpage>
   <lpage>450</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-08-17T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>17</day>
     <month>08</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://ecience.ru/en/nauka/article/133055/view">https://ecience.ru/en/nauka/article/133055/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В исследовании проведена сравнительная in vitro оценка биологической эффективности химических и микробиологических фунгицидов против пяти видов возбудителей болезней древесины плодовых культур, выделенных на территории Крыма, Краснодарского края и Московской области. Объектами исследования явились чистые культуры Cytospora leucostoma, Diaporthe eres, Didymella macrostoma, Diplodia seriata и Seimatosporium lichenicola, идентифицированные секвенированием ITS‑региона. Эффективность препаратов Инсигния, МД (ципродинил + флудиоксонил), Капелла, МЭ (пропиконазол + флутриафол + дифеноконазол), Ривьера, МЭ (пираклостробин + тебуконазол + дифеноконазол) и Стаккато, Ж (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 133) оценивали методом аппликации агарового блока с расчетом биологической эффективности по формуле Аббота. Установлено, что фунгицид Инсигния, МД обеспечил 100 % подавление роста C. leucostoma и S. lichenicola, 89,1 % – Diaporthe eres, 90,7 % – Didymella macrostoma. Препараты Капелла, МЭ и Ривьера, МЭ продемонстрировали эффективность 73–94 % в отношении всех патогенов, в том числе 82,6 % и 82,8 % против Diplodia seriata. Биопрепарат Стаккато, Ж показал 100 % эффективность против C. leucostoma и Diaporthe eres, 83,1 % – против Didymella macrostoma, 67,1 % – против S. lichenicola. Результаты подтверждают высокую эффективность комбинированных фунгицидов и перспективность штамма B. amyloliquefaciens 133 как альтернативы химическим средствам, при этом выражена видоспецифичность антагонистического действия биопрепарата.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The study presents a comparative in vitro assessment of the biological efficacy of chemical and microbiological fungicides against five pathogens causing wood diseases in fruit crops, isolated in Crimea, Krasnodar Krai, and the Moscow Region. The research objects were pure cultures of Cytospora leucostoma, Diaporthe eres, Didymella macrostoma, Diplodia seriata, and Seimatosporium lichenicola, identified by ITS region sequencing. The efficacy of Insignia (cyprodinil + fludioxonil), Kapella (propiconazole + flutriafol + difenoconazole), Riviera (pyraclostrobin + tebuconazole + difenoconazole), and Stakkato (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 133) was evaluated using the agar block application method, with biological efficacy calculated according to Abbott’s formula. It was found that Insignia provided 100 % growth inhibition of C. leucostoma and S. lichenicola, 89.1 % of Diaporthe eres, and 90.7 % of Didymella macrostoma. Kapella and Riviera demonstrated 73–94 % efficacy against all pathogens, including 82.6 % and 82.8 % inhibition of Diplodia seriata. The biopreparation Stakkato showed 100 % efficacy against C. leucostoma and Diaporthe eres, 83.1 % against Didymella macrostoma, and 67.1 % against S. lichenicola. The results confirm the high efficacy of combined fungicides and the potential of the B. amyloliquefaciens 133 strain as an alternative to chemical agents, while the antagonistic effect of the biopreparation is shown to be species‑specific.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Cytospora leucostoma</kwd>
    <kwd>Diaporthe eres</kwd>
    <kwd>Didymella macrostoma</kwd>
    <kwd>Diplodia seriata</kwd>
    <kwd>Seimatosporium lichenicola</kwd>
    <kwd>Инсигния</kwd>
    <kwd>Капелла</kwd>
    <kwd>Ривьера</kwd>
    <kwd>Стаккато</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Cytospora leucostoma</kwd>
    <kwd>Diaporthe eres</kwd>
    <kwd>Didymella macrostoma</kwd>
    <kwd>Diplodia seriata</kwd>
    <kwd>Seimatosporium lichenicola</kwd>
    <kwd>Insignia</kwd>
    <kwd>Kapella</kwd>
    <kwd>Riviera</kwd>
    <kwd>Staccato</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
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