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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">MOSCOW ECONOMIC JOURNAL</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">MOSCOW ECONOMIC JOURNAL</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Московский экономический журнал</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2413-046X</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">74169</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>AGRIS, Аграрная экономика, Инновации и модернизация, Региональная экономика и развитие, Сельское хозяйство, Экономика АПК</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject></subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>AGRIS, Аграрная экономика, Инновации и модернизация, Региональная экономика и развитие, Сельское хозяйство, Экономика АПК</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Инновационный характер экономического развития льняного подкомплекса в нечерноземной зоне</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Инновационный характер экономического развития льняного подкомплекса в нечерноземной зоне</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Семченкова</surname>
       <given-names>Светлана Васильевна </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Семченкова</surname>
       <given-names>Светлана Васильевна </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>svetlana-semchenkova@yandex.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Романова</surname>
       <given-names>Ираида Николаевна </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Романова</surname>
       <given-names>Ираида Николаевна </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>fpk-sgsha@yandex.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Рыбченко</surname>
       <given-names>Татьяна Ивановна </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Рыбченко</surname>
       <given-names>Татьяна Ивановна </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>rybchenko_ti@admin-smolensk.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Смоленская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Смоленская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Смоленская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Смоленская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Департамент Смоленской области по сельскому хозяйству и продовольствию</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Департамент Смоленской области по сельскому хозяйству и продовольствию</institution>
     <country>ru</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-12-25T14:01:20+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2016</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-12-25T14:01:20+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2016</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>1</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>40</fpage>
   <lpage>40</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-12-07T14:01:20+03:00">
     <day>07</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2016</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-12-15T14:01:20+03:00">
     <day>15</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2016</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://ecience.ru/en/nauka/article/74169/view">https://ecience.ru/en/nauka/article/74169/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Лен-долгунец официально объявлен культурой XXI века. На мировом рынке растет спрос на льняные ткани. Нечерноземная зона традиционно является идеальной территорией для возделывания этой культуры. На долю Смоленской области до 1990-х годов приходилось 17%, а в лучшие годы до 33% российского льноволокна; до 12% его производства в СССР, 5-7% мирового производства, посевные площади составляли более 100 тыс. га, или в два раза больше, чем во всей Западной Европе. Льноводство давало сельскому хозяйству области 20% всех доходов и больше 50% от растениеводческой продукции. Однако в сельской экономике создался перекос не в пользу льна-долгунца. Не имея поддержки, обезлюдевшие сельские территории практически полностью сократили посевные площади (к 2010 году осталось 1,6 тыс. га). В настоящее время положение таково, что необходимо пересмотреть отношение к этой отрасли, не допустить ее вырождения и добиться положительных перемен с целью удовлетворения не только внутреннего рынка, но и выйти на внешний рынок. Анализ программ поддержки льноводства показал, что их механизм не эффективен, поэтому авторами предлагается создать в регионе кластерные районные льняные формирования, включающие в себя сельхозпредприятия, льнозаводы, машинно-технологические станции и другие предприятия инфраструктуры. Финансовые средства будут проходить через одно головное предприятие, которое будет отвечать за результаты деятельности всего кластера. В дальнейшем предлагается объединение в региональный кластер, и как перспективное направление - межрегиональный кластер, с решающей государственной долей.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Fiber flax was officially declared a crop of the 19th century. There is a growing demand for the linen fabrics at the global market. The non-black area is traditionally considered as an ideal territory for growing this kind of crop. Until the 1990s the Smolensk Region accounted for 17%, and at best up to 33% of the flax fibre manufactured in Russia, which amounted up to 12% of the total volume of this crop production in the USSR, and made up 5-7% of its global output; the area under crops was more than 100 ths. ha, which was twice as much as the similar area in the Western Europe in total. Flax cultivation brought in 20% of the total income generated from agriculture within the region, while the profit received from the crop products amounted over 50%. However, the agricultural economy faced the imbalance, which affected the situation with the fiber flax production. In the absence of support, the rural areas became depopulated and the areas under crops were almost completely cut (by 2010 they amounted only 1.6 ths. ha). The present situation requires that the attitude towards this industry should be reconsidered in order to prevent its deterioration and allow for the positive changes aimed at satisfaction of the domestic market needs as well as getting access to the foreign market. Analysis of the flax-growing support programs revealed their inefficiency, therefore the authors suggest that the cluster-based flax production entities should be formed within the districts of the region, including agricultural enterprises, flax-processing plants, farm machinery depots and other overhead facilities. The funds will flow through one parent enterprise that will be responsible for the performance within the cluster as a whole. At a later stage it is suggested to form regional as well as cross-regional clusters (as a perspective trend), with a majour share of public ownership.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>льняной подкомплекс</kwd>
    <kwd>региональный кластер</kwd>
    <kwd>инновационное развитие</kwd>
    <kwd>льнопродукция</kwd>
    <kwd>организационно-управленческий механизм</kwd>
    <kwd>государственная поддержка</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>flax subcomplex</kwd>
    <kwd>regional cluster</kwd>
    <kwd>innovation-driven development</kwd>
    <kwd>linen products</kwd>
    <kwd>organizational and managerial mechanism</kwd>
    <kwd>state support</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p>Fiber flax was officially declared a crop of the 19th century. There is a growing demand for the linen fabrics at the global market. The non-black area is traditionally considered as an ideal territory for growing this kind of crop. Until the 1990s the Smolensk Region accounted for 17%, and at best up to 33% of the flax fibre manufactured in Russia, which amounted up to 12% of the total volume of this crop production in the USSR, and made up 5-7% of its global output; the area under crops was more than 100 ths. ha, which was twice as much as the similar area in the Western Europe in total. Flax cultivation brought in 20% of the total income generated from agriculture within the region, while the profit received from the crop products amounted over 50%. However, the agricultural economy faced the imbalance, which affected the situation with the fiber flax production. In the absence of support, the rural areas became depopulated and the areas under crops were almost completely cut (by 2010 they amounted only 1.6 ths. ha). The present situation requires that the attitude towards this industry should be reconsidered in order to prevent its deterioration and allow for the positive changes aimed at satisfaction of the domestic market needs as well as getting access to the foreign market. Analysis of the flax-growing support programs revealed their inefficiency, therefore the authors suggest that the cluster-based flax production entities should be formed within the districts of the region, including agricultural enterprises, flax-processing plants, farm machinery depots and other overhead facilities. The funds will flow through one parent enterprise that will be responsible for the performance within the cluster as a whole. At a later stage it is suggested to form regional as well as cross-regional clusters (as a perspective trend), with a majour share of public ownership.</p>
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