The following article discusses the current problems and prospects for the development of innovative territorial structures in the Central Federal District of Russia. The article examines the importance of innovative development for the modern economic conditions of Russia, emphasizing the priority of high-tech industries and their impact on the country's economic leadership in a global context. The article considers how a successful scientific and technological policy at the regional level can contribute to the effective functioning of innovative territorial structures. The Central Federal District (CFD) was chosen as the main object of analysis, where spatial patterns affecting the development of innovation clusters are assessed. The main goal is to identify and substantiate promising areas of government cluster policy that will contribute to creating a favorable environment for the further growth of high technologies and innovative solutions. The article also discusses proposals for optimizing the interaction of various participants in the innovation process and the formation of integration mechanisms to achieve sustainable development in the region. Within the framework of the article, the author analyzes the existing infrastructure, investment climate and the level of support for innovation activities from both the state and the private sector. The effectiveness of the activities carried out to support the development of innovative territorial structures is determined (as part of the content analysis of documents on the research topic). The main focus is not only on identifying the obstacles faced by territorial structures, but also on possible ways to overcome them, while the emphasis is on the need to create conditions for active interaction between educational institutions, scientific organizations and businesses, which is a key factor for the successful implementation of innovative projects. The article also examines the role of the cluster approach in the development of regional innovation ecosystems and the development of specific recommendations for the introduction of new management models.