We are faced with the task of creating a system of social protection that could quickly and efficiently raise the standard of living of socially disadvantaged groups of the population and at the same time not have a restraining effect on the development of the economy as a whole and in rural areas. The solution to this problem can be found in the creation of flexible social protection programs in rural areas that can quickly adapt to new economic conditions, based on the best world achievements and taking into account national characteristics of development. It is necessary to increase the role of local governments in solving the problems of financing social protection by increasing the level of responsibility for organizing social protection at the level of municipal programs in rural areas, as well as reorienting resources to local budgets in order to Finance social protection measures. Research in the field of social protection can not be called traditional for domestic science, which can be explained by the fact that at present a scientific direction is only beginning to develop, which is characterized by a comprehensive study of the organization, financing and management of the social protection system in Russian conditions.