INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL Международный агрокультурный журнал 2588-0209 104764 10.55186/25880209_2025_9_1_8 4.1.2. Селекция, семеноводство и биотехнология растений (сельскохозяйственные науки) 4.1.2. Plant breeding, seed production and biotechnology (agricultural sciences) 4.1.2. Селекция, семеноводство и биотехнология растений (сельскохозяйственные науки) INCREASED EFFICIENCY IN THE CULTIVATION OF GRAIN SORGHUM (SORGHUMBICOLOR (L.) MOENCH) ON LIGHT CHESTNUT SOIL IN THE REPUBLIC OF KALMYKIA ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЯ ЗЕРНОВОГО СОРГО (SORGHUMBICOLOR (L.) MOENCH) НА СВЕТЛО-КАШТАНОВЫХ ПОЧВАХ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАЛМЫКИЯ Папаскири Т. В. Papaskiri T. V. t_papaskiri@mail.ru Азовцева Н. А. Azovtseva N. A. Липски Станислав Анджеевич Lipski Stanislav Andzheevich lipski-sa@yandex.ru

доктор экономических наук;

doctor of economic sciences;

 Пивень Елена Анатольевна Piven Elena Anatolievna Чернова Елизавета Геннадьевна Chernova Elizaveta Gennad'evna Государственный университет по землеустройству ru Государственный университет по землеустройству ru Институт им. В.В. Докучиева Россия Institute named after V.V. Dokuchieva Russian Federation Государственный университет по землеустройству Москва Россия Государственный университет по землеустройству Москва Russian Federation 29 09 2025 29 09 2025 8 1 136 157 20 01 2025 https://ecience.ru/en/nauka/article/104764/view

Впервые для почвенно-климатических условий полупустынной зоны Республики Калмыкия установлено влияние способов основной обработки почвы на формирование процесса производства зерна и урожайность различных сортов сорго зернового (Sorghumbicolor (L.)Moench). Сорго является культурой многоцелевого назначения, которую можно выращивать на почвах с низким плодородием и меньшей потребностью в воде. Это делает ее перспективной культурой в условиях изменения климата. Проведена оценка эффективности рационального использования запасов продуктивной влаги сортами сорго зернового разных групп спелости при использовании различных способов основной обработки почвы. Установлено, что наилучшая урожайность 2,47-2,53 т/га зерна раннего срока созревания получена при применении плоскорезной вспашки, а для среднеспелых сортов более эффективна зяблевая вспашка, обеспечивающая урожайность 2,59-3,20 т/га при Дана оценка экономической эффективности агротехнологических приемов возделывания различных сортов зернового сорго на светло-каштановых почвах.

For the first time the influence of the methods of basic soil cultivation on the formation of the grain production process and the yield of different varieties of grain sorghum (Sorghumbicolor (L.)Moench) has been established for the soil-climatic conditions of the semi-desert zone of the Republic of Kalmykia. Sorghum is a multipurpose crop that can be grown on low fertility soils with less water requirement. That makes it a promising crop in the context of climate change. An assessment of the efficiency of rational use of productive moisture reserves by grain sorghum varieties of different groups of ripeness with the use of different methods of basic tillage was made. It has been established that the best yield of 2.47-2.53 t/ha of early ripening grain was obtained by applying flatbed plowing but fall plowing was more effective for mid- ripening varieties providing yields of 2.59-3.20 t/ha with. The economic efficiency of agrotechnological methods of cultivation of different grain sorghum varieties on light chestnut soils was evaluated.

 сорго зерновое (Sorghumbicolor (L.)Moench.) урожайность обработка почвы сорт светло-каштановая почва. Grain sorghum (Sorghumbicolor (L.)Moench.) productivity tillage variety light chestnut soil.

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