The results of a study conducted to study the problems and establish trends in the development of animal husbandry in the Volga Federal District are presented. In the course of the work, comparative, economic and statistical, computational and constructive research methods were used. Based on the results of the analysis, the leading regions of livestock production in the district were identified, the role of various forms of management in providing the population of the regions with livestock products was assessed. The importance of increasing production volumes in each region for the growth of per capita consumption is revealed. Further development of agriculture is necessary to provide the population with food products of domestic production. Animal husbandry, as a source of irreplaceable food resources: milk, meat, eggs, wool, is an essential factor in solving the problems of food security in Russia as a whole and in its individual regions. The development of the industry in the post-Soviet period was characterized by a sharp drop in the number of all types of livestock and poultry, and a reduction in production volumes. Ultimately, this, combined with other economic and social factors, led to a deterioration in the quality of nutrition of the population, when the actual per capita consumption of meat and milk did not meet the recommended dietary standards. Of the 14 regions of the Volga Federal District, 4 have a pronounced specialization in livestock products, on average, the share of livestock in the district accounts for 42% of all agricultural products in 2022. Based on the balanced development of a multi-layered economy, different forms of management, the use of both intensive and extensive factors of economic growth and development, an increase in livestock production is projected.