Prospects and challenges of export and import of dairy products within the Eurasian Economic Union
Type:
Article
Pages:
from 475
to 479
Status:
In work
Received:
15.08.2026
Accepted:
15.08.2026
Published:
15.08.2026
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
dairy products, export, import, food security, integration, import substitution, logistics
Abstract:
The article presents the results of studies of the dynamics and structural changes in mutual and foreign trade in dairy products of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union in the period 2022-2024 based on a detailed analysis of import and export flows in the context of commodity groups. The purpose of the study is to identify key trends, challenges and prospects for the development of exports and imports of dairy products within the EAEU, as well as to develop practical recommendations for improving trade efficiency and strengthening food security of the EAEU. The analysis was based on statistical data, as well as on a review of current scientific literature, including work on dairy processing, elimination of trade barriers, assessment of export potential and international calculations. In the course of the work, a set of research methods was used: quantitative methods for calculating growth rates and share ratios, statistical analysis of the variability of value and natural volumes, a comparative method for comparing dynamics by country and product categories, a method of analogies in identifying general patterns with previously published studies, as well as methods for synthesizing and summarizing aggregated data to develop holistic conclusions and practical proposals. The relevance of the study is due to the radical transformation of the system of international economic relations and the restructuring of global supply chains in 2022-2024, the rupture of traditional supply channels, a change in the competitive environment in the global milk market, as well as the need to develop adapted integration solutions for the sustainable development of the dairy industry of the EAEU countries in the new conditions. The scientific novelty lies in a comprehensive analysis of foreign trade flows of EAEU dairy products for the three-year period 2022-2024 taking into account the commodity detail for six product groups, the country structure within the EAEU, the dynamics of the average cost of imports and exports, comparing the data obtained with the conclusions of previous scientific works on related topics. The results of the study showed that the share of imports of dairy products in the EAEU does not exceed 4% (3.56% in 2022, 3.46% in 2024) with a steady increase in imports in physical terms by 19% over the analysis period. The strengthening of the positions of Russia and Belarus was revealed while reducing the export share of Armenia and Kyrgyzstan. Proposals have been developed to create an intra-union mechanism for the redistribution of raw milk during periods of seasonal shortage, unification and digitalization of veterinary control with mutual recognition of certificates, the development of logistics hubs on the border of the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan, subsidizing the production of dry milk whey, targeted support for Armenia and Kyrgyzstan to improve quality and certification of products. The implementation of the proposals will reduce internal union barriers and increase the aggregate export of milk and dairy products of the EAEU by 15-20% by 2027.
The article presents the results of studies of the dynamics and structural changes in mutual and foreign trade in dairy products of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union in the period 2022-2024 based on a detailed analysis of import and export flows in the context of commodity groups. The purpose of the study is to identify key trends, challenges and prospects for the development of exports and imports of dairy products within the EAEU, as well as to develop practical recommendations for improving trade efficiency and strengthening food security of the EAEU. The analysis was based on statistical data, as well as on a review of current scientific literature, including work on dairy processing, elimination of trade barriers, assessment of export potential and international calculations. In the course of the work, a set of research methods was used: quantitative methods for calculating growth rates and share ratios, statistical analysis of the variability of value and natural volumes, a comparative method for comparing dynamics by country and product categories, a method of analogies in identifying general patterns with previously published studies, as well as methods for synthesizing and summarizing aggregated data to develop holistic conclusions and practical proposals. The relevance of the study is due to the radical transformation of the system of international economic relations and the restructuring of global supply chains in 2022-2024, the rupture of traditional supply channels, a change in the competitive environment in the global milk market, as well as the need to develop adapted integration solutions for the sustainable development of the dairy industry of the EAEU countries in the new conditions. The scientific novelty lies in a comprehensive analysis of foreign trade flows of EAEU dairy products for the three-year period 2022-2024 taking into account the commodity detail for six product groups, the country structure within the EAEU, the dynamics of the average cost of imports and exports, comparing the data obtained with the conclusions of previous scientific works on related topics. The results of the study showed that the share of imports of dairy products in the EAEU does not exceed 4% (3.56% in 2022, 3.46% in 2024) with a steady increase in imports in physical terms by 19% over the analysis period. The strengthening of the positions of Russia and Belarus was revealed while reducing the export share of Armenia and Kyrgyzstan. Proposals have been developed to create an intra-union mechanism for the redistribution of raw milk during periods of seasonal shortage, unification and digitalization of veterinary control with mutual recognition of certificates, the development of logistics hubs on the border of the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan, subsidizing the production of dry milk whey, targeted support for Armenia and Kyrgyzstan to improve quality and certification of products. The implementation of the proposals will reduce internal union barriers and increase the aggregate export of milk and dairy products of the EAEU by 15-20% by 2027.
Keywords:
dairy products, export, import, food security, integration, import substitution, logistics
dairy products, export, import, food security, integration, import substitution, logistics
