The passage of the phenological phases of the development of new and introduced apple varieties in the conditions of the central foothill sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan
Type:
Article
Pages:
from 583
to 587
Status:
In work
Received:
15.08.2026
Accepted:
15.08.2026
Published:
15.08.2026
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
agroclimatic resources, phenological phases, correlation analysis, selection forms, hybrid forms, heat supply, moisture supply
Abstract:
The paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of the agro-climatic conditions of the central foothill sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan and their impact on the course of the phenological phases of apple tree development. Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between the stages of development of apple varieties – breeding, hybrid and introduced – and the meteorological parameters of the region. The temperature regime of the substructure (average annual temperature +12.7°C) as well as key climatic indicators meet the biological needs of the crop. The average duration of the growing season is 286 days, which ensures the full course of all phenological stages in the studied varieties, subject to the conditions of transition through +5 ° C in spring and autumn. However, limiting factors have been identified: lack of moisture (476 mm of precipitation with a norm of 650-700 mm) and the likelihood of spring frosts. The analysis of climatic conditions showed that they meet the requirements of different groups of varieties: summer varieties (vegetation 211-214 days) grow well in early spring, autumn varieties (225-235 days) effectively use the thermal regime of the region, and winter varieties (220-233 days) get enough time to mature and prepare for wintering. In general, the agro-climatic conditions of the central foothill substructure are favorable for apple cultivation. The data obtained are of an important practical nature, making it possible to optimize varietal diversity and develop effective agrotechnical technologies, taking into account the peculiarities of the regional climate. The results of the correlation analysis confirmed that, taking into account phenological features and climatic requirements, it is possible to successfully grow apple varieties of all fruiting seasons in the region.
The paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of the agro-climatic conditions of the central foothill sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan and their impact on the course of the phenological phases of apple tree development. Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between the stages of development of apple varieties – breeding, hybrid and introduced – and the meteorological parameters of the region. The temperature regime of the substructure (average annual temperature +12.7°C) as well as key climatic indicators meet the biological needs of the crop. The average duration of the growing season is 286 days, which ensures the full course of all phenological stages in the studied varieties, subject to the conditions of transition through +5 ° C in spring and autumn. However, limiting factors have been identified: lack of moisture (476 mm of precipitation with a norm of 650-700 mm) and the likelihood of spring frosts. The analysis of climatic conditions showed that they meet the requirements of different groups of varieties: summer varieties (vegetation 211-214 days) grow well in early spring, autumn varieties (225-235 days) effectively use the thermal regime of the region, and winter varieties (220-233 days) get enough time to mature and prepare for wintering. In general, the agro-climatic conditions of the central foothill substructure are favorable for apple cultivation. The data obtained are of an important practical nature, making it possible to optimize varietal diversity and develop effective agrotechnical technologies, taking into account the peculiarities of the regional climate. The results of the correlation analysis confirmed that, taking into account phenological features and climatic requirements, it is possible to successfully grow apple varieties of all fruiting seasons in the region.
Keywords:
agroclimatic resources, phenological phases, correlation analysis, selection forms, hybrid forms, heat supply, moisture supply
agroclimatic resources, phenological phases, correlation analysis, selection forms, hybrid forms, heat supply, moisture supply
