Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
The aim of the research was to study the state of soil fertility of agricultural land for: state monitoring, taking into account the state of soil fertility and information support; obtaining reliable and objective information about the state of soil fertility of agricultural land; system analysis of changes in fertility indicators, evaluation of the information and forecast for the future. Carrying out researches of soils of economy is carried out according to "Methodical instructions on carrying out complex monitoring of fertility of lands of agricultural purpose" (M., 2003). Selection of soil samples is carried out according to GOST № 28168-89. Each sample was made up of 20-40 individual samples and was taken from the area of 5 hectares from the entire depth of the arable horizon; on hayfields and pastures - from 10 hectares to the depth of the humus-accumulative horizon. With deep placement of phosphorus fertilizer is used by plants in 5 times more than when terminating at a small depth. Be sure to make 12-15kg, the active substance of phosphorus with seeds in rows. On soils with heavy mechanical composition, potash and nitrogen fertilizers are also introduced in autumn for the main treatment. On light soils, their fractional application is advisable, i.e. 2-3-in the autumn under the plow, 1/3 of the dose of potassium and nitrogen fertilizers in the spring for pre-sowing cultivation (treatment). On soils where there are many crop residues to stimulate microbiological activity, it is necessary to make an additional 1T of fresh organic residues 12 kg of active nitrogen per hectare.. For the planned harvest it is necessary to make 40-60 tons of manure per 1 hectare in the crop rotation system and 10-15 kg of phosphorus active ingredient when sowing all grain crops. In areas with high and very high content of mobile phosphorus can be limited to the sowing of phosphorus place with seeds at a dose of 15-20 kg and the introduction of nitrogen fertilizers for plowing or pre-sowing treatment.
soil fertility, agricultural lands, phosphorus fertilizers, potash fertilizers, mechanical composition, crop rotation system
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